Micro Focus UFT (QTP) Quiz: Objective Q and A
* You will use the recording mode for an object not recognized by QuickTest.
Low-Level Recording Mode
Normal recording Mode
Analog Mode
// Absolute Path starts from root path
WebElement link1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/li[@id='test']/a"));
// Relative Path starts from current path
WebElement link2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='test']/a"));
* Release Testing
After build release some of th companies do engineering prequal before giving the build to qa
there are different terms like, BVT, BFT, smoke test, We call it as RFB.
* https://www.tutorialspoint.com/qtp/qtp_automation_object_model.htm
Automation Object Model:
QTP itself can be automated using the COM interface that is provided by Hp-QTP. Automation object model is a set of objects, methods, and properties
that helps testers to control the configuration settings and execute the scripts using the QTP interface. The Key Configurations/actions that can be
controlled are listed below but not limited to
Loads all the required add-ins for a test
Makes QTP visible while execution
Opens the Test using the specified location>
Associates Function Libraries
Specifies the Common Object Sync Time out
Start and End Iteration
Enable/Disable Smart Identification
On Error Settings
Data Table Path
Recovery Scenario Settings
Log Tracking Settings
4.
* Perfecto mobile FAQ
Other Mobile tools - Seetest, Perfecto Mobile, BlazeMeter, AppThwack, Manymo, DeviceAnywhere
* Faq: http://interviewquestionsanswerspdf.com/2014/04/mobile-testing-interview-questions-and-answers/
* Knowledge of iOS and Android operating systems ( App Store iOS / Android Google Pay)
Android application package (.APK) file to be downloaded and installed in Android
.IPA files are Executable Files for iphone to install
* Use of private app store or OTA distribution
Use of private app store or OTA distribution -- this is more with IOS, Over the air enterprice distribution of the app.
5. * QTP\ HP UFT FAQ
http://www.guru99.com/qtp-interview-questions.html#50
* What is parameterization
http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/qtp-tutorial-19-qtp-parameterization-part1/
Types of parameterization in QTP
The variable value can be or the parameter types can be:
1.Data Table parameters
2.Test/Action parameters
3.Environment variable parameters
4.Random number parameters
* To retrieve the current property value of the objects in your application during the run session.
GetVisibleText
GetROProperty
SetROProperty
GetTOProperty
* An action can be called by other tests or actions is
Call Action
Split Action
Reusable Action
* The command used to retrieve data from excel sheet is
Set ab = Connection(“srcfilepath “) , Set ws = ab.getdata(sheetid)
Set ab = CreateObject(“srcfilepath “) , Set ws = ab.getsheet(sheetid)
Set ab = GetObject(“srcfilepath”) , Set ws = ab.worksheets(sheetid)
* What is ordinal identifier? (3) Index, location, creation time
An Ordinal Identifier assigns a numerical value to the test objects which indicates its location or order relative to its group.
The Ordered value enables QTP to recognize it uniquely when the inbuilt properties are NOT sufficient to do so.
http://www.guru99.com/quick-test-professional-qtp-tutorial-6.html
* How the objects are identified in qtp ID, class name,
* What is assive property? and Mandatory property?
Mandatory properties will be stored by default for that object
Assistive propertiesIn case during record time of script QTP can NOT create a unique description of the object it will store the assistive properties
* How do you read objects (FSO) - File system objects.
* What is import \ export ( Excel sheet)
* What is global sheet and local sheet
* Identification of an Object in QTP/UFT :
1) Normal Identification
2) Smart Identification
3) Ordinal identification ( 3 Type Index based , Location based and Creation Time - value CreationTime=0 )
4) Visual Based Identification
5) Object identification based on CSS XPath
6) Image Based identification
7) VRI- Visual relation Identifier
* What is XPath?
XPath is a language used to get the information from an xml document.
XPath uses path expressions to navigate and identify the element in the xml document
The advantage of using XPath is to identify any object in the application easily without wasting much time looking for combination of properties to make it unique.
If you are working on a commercial application, you would see code like this.
<form>
<label for="male">Male</label>
<input type="radio" name="sex" id="male"/><br/>
<label for="female">Female</label>
5.<input type="radio" name="sex" id="female"/>
</form>
*i.To identify the first input box copy and paste the following syntax into the Value edit box:
/html/body/form/input[1]
*ii. To identify the second input box copy and paste the following syntax into the Value edit box:
/html/body/form/input[2]
* How to use Output values in QTP?
An output value step ,is a step in which a object property value is captured at a specific point in your test and stored at a desired location.
The stored values can be used as input at a different points in test script
Types of Output Values
Standard output value
Text /Text Area output value
Data base output value
Xml output value (from application/resources)
* Business Process Testing (BPT)
* http://www.guru99.com/business-process-testing-bpt-tutorial.html
Business Process Testing(BPT) in QTP Tutorial
BPT stands for Business Process Testing, a built in QTP automation framework used in conjunction with the Quality Center.
BPT helps indulge Business Analysts in the automation process. They can also design the automation scenarios and executed them as per
their requirements without automatation/coding knowledge
BPT is a scenario consisting of a series of Business Components, designed to verify a particular Business process in the application under test.
The following are the building blocks of the BPT Framework
Components
Application Area
Flows
Business Process Test
Component: (is also called Business Component) is a reusable set of automation statements that performs a particular predefined task in AUT. ...
Application Area: It is a repository, containing all the resources, required to develop the Business Components.
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvzLrencmAs
* Experience with Quality Tools (Quality Center, Perfecto Mobile, Jira, Rally… Etc. )
1. Experience with .NET, XML and JSON web services
Experience with .NET, XML and JSON web services - this is more of restful web services testing, did you test Soap UI
* 5. Knowledge of Test-Driven Development principles and tools for mobile
BDD - Behavioural driven development - here we use cucumber - when, then and what
TDD - here the business are hidden not exposed to BA & product owner; mostly Dev & QA works hand-on-hand
and do testing and developement.
* 7. Vulnerable testing? ( Security Testing - will be done on all layers. )
Fishing - Creating junks email and hacking the Credcredential; blocking; decoding; Injections
* 7a.Python Tutorial for Beginners 1 - Getting Started and Installing Python (For Absolute Beginners) (1- 15)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41qgdwd3zAg&list=PLS1QulWo1RIaJECMeUT4LFwJ-ghgoSH6n
Python 3.4.1
* 9. Soup UI
* 10. Postmaster
* 11. Hive
* 12 Impala
* Test Complete
* Vb Scripting
http://www.globalguideline.com/interview_questions/Questions.php?sc=VBScript_Interview_Questions_And_Answers
* 7a. Spring Tool Suite (STS):
The Spring Tool Suite is an Eclipse-based development environment that is customized for developing Spring applications.
It provides a ready-to-use environment to implement, debug, run, and deploy your Spring applications, including integrations
for Pivotal tc Server, Pivotal Cloud Foundry, Git, Maven, AspectJ, and comes on top of the latest Eclipse releases.
*$$$$$$*
* 2. Differencee between c, c++ and C#.
•Hardware device drivers
•Applications where access to old, stable code is required.
C,C++
•Application or Server development where memory management needs to be fine tuned (and can't be left to generic garbage collection solutions).
•Development environments that require access to libraries that do not interface well with more modern managed languages.
•Although managed C++ can be used to access the .NET framework, it is not a seamless transition.
C# provides a managed memory model that adds a higher level of abstraction again. This level of abstraction adds convenience and improves
development times, but complicates access to lower level APIs and makes specialized performance requirements problematic.
It is certainly possible to implement extremely high performance software in a managed memory environment, but awareness of the implications
is essential.
The syntax of C# is certainly less demanding (and error prone) than C/C++ and has, for the initiated programmer, a shallower learning curve.
C#
•Rapid client application development.
•High performance Server development (StackOverflow for example) that benefits from the .NET framework.
•Applications that require the benefits of the .NET framework in the language it was designed for.
* 3. Where is the Delphi Technique Used?
The Delphi Method is useful in 2 scenarios.
1. When there are many experts involved, and consensus is not likely to happen quickly.
2. When the experts are geographically spread out, and it is difficult to get them into a room to discuss,
brainstorm and come up with the best strategy.
Where is the Delphi Technique used for the PMP exam preparation?
The Delphi technique is actually one of the Group Decision-Making Techniques. It is used in
Time Management > Estimate Activity Duration
Cost Management > Estimate Costs
Risk Management > Identify Risks
* Oracle/Mongo DB
http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-tutorial-1/
*$$$$$$*
* What is the Document Object Model?
The Document Object Model (DOM) is an application programming interface (API) for valid HTML and well-formed XML documents.
It defines the logical structure of documents and the way a document is accessed and manipulated. In the DOM specification, the term
"document" is used in the broad sense - increasingly, XML is being used as a way of representing many different kinds of information that
may be stored in diverse systems, and much of this would traditionally be seen as data rather than as documents. Nevertheless,
XML presents this data as documents, and the DOM may be used to manage this data.
With the Document Object Model, programmers can build documents, navigate their structure, and add, modify, or delete elements and content.
Anything found in an HTML or XML document can be accessed, changed, deleted, or added using the Document Object Model, with a few exceptions
- in particular, the DOM interfaces for the XML internal and external subsets have not yet been specified.
*$$$$$$*
* Process 1. Test-driven development (TDD) is a software development process that relies on the repetition of a very short development cycle:
requirements are turned into very specific test cases, then the software is improved to pass the new tests, only.
This is opposed to software development that allows software to be added that is not proven to meet requirements.
Test-driven development (TDD) (Beck 2003; Astels 2003), is an evolutionary approach to development which combines test-first development
where you write a test before you write just enough production code to fulfill that test and refactoring.
What is the primary goal of TDD? One view is the goal of TDD is specification and not validation (Martin, Newkirk, and Kess 2003).
In other words, it’s one way to think through your requirements or design before your write your functional code (implying that
TDD is both an importantagile requirements and agile design technique). Another view is that TDD is a programming technique.
As Ron Jeffries likes to say, the goal of TDD is to write clean code that works. I think that there is merit in both arguments,
although I lean towards the specification view, but I leave it for you to decide.
http://agiledata.org/essays/tdd.html
Nice articel about TDD
Acceptance test–driven development (ATDD) is a development methodology based on communication between the business customers, the developers,
and the testers.[1] ATDD encompasses many of the same practices as specification by example,[2][3] behavior-driven development (BDD),
[4] example-driven development (EDD),[5] and story test–driven development (SDD).[6]
All these processes aid developers and testers in understanding the customer's needs prior to implementation and allow customers
to be able to converse in their own domain language.
Acceptance critirial - as per the check list all test cases are passed.
Excel - keyword. ( Similar to Tracibility martics).
* Based on your experience how will you implement Acceptance test–driven development (ATDD) in AGILE?
*$$$$$$*
* What is QA & QC?
http://www.diffen.com/difference/Quality_Assurance_vs_Quality_Control
Answer:
Quality Assurance is <<<<process oriented and focuses on defect <<<<prevention, while
Quality control is <<<<product oriented and focuses on defect <<<<<identification.
Quality Assurance Vs Quality Control
Definition
QA is a set of activities for ensuring quality in the processes by which products are developed.
QC is a set of activities for ensuring quality in products. The activities focus on identifying defects in the actual products produced.
Focus on
QA aims to prevent defects with a focus on the process used to make the product. It is a proactive quality process.
QC aims to identify (and correct) defects in the finished product. Quality control, therefore, is a reactive process.
Goal
The goal of QA is to improve development and test processes so that defects do not arise when the product is being developed.
The goal of QC is to identify defects after a product is developed and before it's released.
How
QA Establish a good quality management system and the assessment of its adequacy. Periodic conformance audits of the operations of the system.
QC Finding & eliminating sources of quality problems through tools & equipment so that customer's requirements are continually met.
What
QA Prevention of quality problems through planned and systematic activities including documentation.
Qc The activities or techniques used to achieve and maintain the product quality, process and service.
Responsibility
Everyone on the team involved in developing the product is responsible for quality assurance.
Quality control is usually the responsibility of a specific team that tests the product for defects.
Example
Verification is an example of QA
Validation/Software Testing is an example of QC
Statistical Techniques
Statistical Tools & Techniques can be applied in both QA & QC. When they are applied to processes (process inputs & operational parameters),
they are called Statistical Process Control (SPC); & it becomes the part of QA.
QC When statistical tools & techniques are applied to finished products (process outputs), they are called as Statistical Quality Control (SQC)
& comes under QC.
As a tool
QA is a managerial tool
QC is a corrective tool
Orientation
QA is process oriented
QC is product oriented
* What is verification and validation?
--------------------------------------
ANSWER:
http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/verification-vs-validation/
VERIFICATION vs VALIDATION
Criteria Verification Validation
Definition :
Ver : The process of evaluating work-products (not the actual final product) of a development phase to determine whether they
meet the specified requirements for that phase.
Val : The process of evaluating software during or at the end of the development
process to determine whether it satisfies specified business requirements.
Objective :
Ver : To ensure that the product is being built according to the requirements and design specifications.
In other words, to ensure that work products meet their specified requirements.
Val : To ensure that the product actually meets the user’s needs, and that the specifications were correct in the first place.
In other words, to demonstrate that the product fulfills its intended use when placed in its intended environment.
Question :
Ver : Are we building the product right?
Val : Are we building the right product?
Evaluation Items :
Ver : Plans, Requirement Specs, Design Specs, Code, Test Cases
Val : The actual product/software.
Activities:
Ver : • Reviews
• Walkthroughs
• Inspections
Val :
• Testing
* What is SDLC ?
----------------
ANSWER:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sdlc/sdlc_overview.htm
SDLC, Software Development Life Cycle is a process used by software industry to design, develop and test high quality softwares.
The SDLC aims to produce a high quality software that meets or exceeds customer expectations, reaches completion within times
and cost estimates.
SDLC is a process followed for a software project, within a software organization. It consists of a detailed plan describing how to develop,
maintain, replace and alter or enhance specific software. The life cycle defines a methodology for improving the quality of software
and the overall development process.
The following figure is a graphical representation of the various stages of a typical SDLC.
Stage 1: Planning & Requirement Analysis
Stage 2: Defining Requirement
Stage 3: Designing the product architecture
Stage 4: Building or Developing the Product
Stage 5: Testing the Product
Stage 6: Deployment in the Market and Maintenance
Plannning, Analysis, Designing, Developing, Testing, Deployment
SDLC models followed in the industry:
------------------------------------
Waterfall Model
Iterative Model
Spiral Model
V-Model
Big Bang Model
The other related methodologies are Agile Model, RAD Model, Rapid Application Development and Prototyping Models.
* What is TDLC ?
----------------
ANSWER:
Requirement Analysis
Test Planning
Test case development
Enviornment Stttings
Test Execution
Test Cycle Closed
* What is defect life cycle?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
Defect Life Cycle or Bug Life Cycle is the specific set of states that a Bug goes through from discovery to defect fixation.
The number of states that a defect goes through varies from project to project. Below lifecycle diagram, covers all possible states
New: When a new defect is logged and posted for the first time. It is assigned a status NEW.
Assigned: Once the bug is posted by the tester, the lead of the tester approves the bug and assigns the bug to developer team
Open: The developer starts analyzing and works on the defect fix
Fixed: When developer makes necessary code change and verifies the change, he or she can make bug status as "Fixed."
Pending retest: Once the defect is fixed the developer gives particular code for retesting the code to the tester. Since the testing remains pending from the testers end, the status assigned is "pending request."
Retest: Tester does the retesting of the code at this stage to check whether the defect is fixed by the developer or not and change the status to "Re-test."
What is the compentency (Efficiency)of the tester?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
Find the defect at the earliy stage of developement.
ER==AR to stop testing.
Where do the tester play the role in developement stage and Testing stage?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
What is test strategy?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
What is test Plan?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
What is Estimation?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
When to start testing?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
CUSTOMER SERVICE Service Requests Generate Debit Card PIN
* How to selecet the application for testing?
----------------------------------------------
ANSWER:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/qtp/qtp_test_automation_process.htm
Answer:
Automated Testing Process:
For any automated tool implementation, the following are the phases/stages of it. Each one of the stages corresponds to a particular activity
and each phase has a definite outcome.
1. Test Automation Feasibility Analysis - First step is to check if the application can be automated or not. Not all applications can be
automated due to its limitations.
2. Appropriate Tool Selection - The Next most important step is the selection of tools. It depends on the technology in which the application
is built, its features and usage.
3. Evaluate the suitable framework - Upon selecting the tool the next activity is to select a suitable framework. There are various kinds
of frameworks and each framework has its own significance. We will deal with frameworks in detail later this chapter.
4. Build the Proof of Concept - Proof of Concept(POC) is developed with an end to end scenario to evaluate if the tool can support the automation
of the application. As it is performed with an end to end scenario which will ensure that the major functionalities can be automated.
5. Develop Automation Framework - After building the POC, framework development is carried out, which is a crucial step for the success of any
test automation project. Framework should be build after diligent analysis of the technology used by the application and also its key features.
6. Develop Test Script, Execute and Analyze - Once Script development is completed, the scripts are executed, results are analyzed and defects are logged, if any. The Test Scripts are usually version controlled.
* Xpath: XPATH IN QTP/UFT
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyLtDjHGUbg
XPATH EXAMPLES FOR QTP WEB OBJECTS
QTP XPath examples to identify web objects. XPath is a language for addressing parts of an XML document. Xpath expressions to select nodes or node-sets in an XML document.
IDENTIFYING USING ID ATTRIBUTE
obj.WebEdit("xpath:=//input[@id='htmlID']").Set "QTP"
1
obj.WebEdit("xpath:=//input[@id='htmlID']").Set "QTP"
IDENTIFYING USING TYPE ATTRIBUTE
'Setting value in first textBox
obj.WebEdit("xpath:=//input[@type='text'][1]").Set "QTP"
1
2
'Setting value in first textBox
obj.WebEdit("xpath:=//input[@type='text'][1]").Set "QTP"
IDENTIFYING USING TAGNAME
'Highlighting first listBox
obj.WebList("xpath:=//select[1]").Select "London"
1
2
'Highlighting first listBox
obj.WebList("xpath:=//select[1]").Select "London"
IDENTIFYING USING INNERTEXT
'Clicking Google link
obj.Link("xpath:=//a[.='Google']").Click
1
2
'Clicking Google link
obj.Link("xpath:=//a[.='Google']").Click
IDENTIFYING WEBTABLE BASED ON ROWCOUNT
'Highlighting the table which has only two rows
obj.WebTable("xpath:=//table[count(.//tr)=2]").Highlight
1
2
'Highlighting the table which has only two rows
obj.WebTable("xpath:=//table[count(.//tr)=2]").Highlight
* Radio button \ Frames
Tha code I used is-
Set WebEditObj=Browser("brName").Page("pageName").WebTable("tbl").ChildItem (intRow,intColumn, "WebRadioGroup", 0)
WebEditObj.Click
I am having two radiobuttons 1. yes 2. No
Code:
Browser().page().webradiogroup("something").select "#0"
to select the first radio button and
Code:
Browser().page().webradiogroup("something").select "#1"
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/qtp/qtp_gui_objects.htm (QTP - Working with GUI Objects)
* How to create description object model at runtime in uft/qtp? ( Object Repository )
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/38013223/how-to-create-description-object-model-at-runtime-in-uft-qtp
FunctionCreateDescObjAt_RunTime(StrBrowserNme,StrBrwsrTitle,StrObject,StrPgeNme,StrPgtitle,StrObjectName,index)`
'create a description object for Browser & Page`
Set WebBrwsrDesc= Description.Create
WebBrwsrDesc("application version").value= "Internet Explorer.*"
If StrBrowser<>"" Then
WebBrwsrDesc("name").value=StrBrowserNme
WebBrwsrDesc("title").value=StrBrwsrTitle
End If
Set WebPageDesc= Description.Create
WebPageDesc("name").value=StrPgeNme
WebPageDesc("title").value=StrPgtitle
' 'Based on the type of object, execute the condition`
Select Case StrObject`
Case "WebButton"
Set WebBtnDes= Description.Create
WebBtnDes("html tag").value="INPUT"
WebBtnDes("name").value=StrObjectName
WebBtnDes("micclass").value="button"
WebBtnDes("index").value=index
'Browser("title:=.*","name:=.*").page("title:=.*","name:=.*").WebButton(WebBtnDes).fnWebButtonClick
Browser(WebBrwsrDesc).page(WebPageDesc).WebButton(WebBtnDes).click
end select
End Function
* API Testing with QTP
http://www.guru99.com/api-testing-with-qtp-hp-uft.html
* Business Process Testing (BPT) – How to Simplify and Speed Up the Testing Process Using BPT
http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/what-is-business-process-testing-bpt/
* Law on Qtp :-
---------------
Component :
(Is also called Business Component) is a reusable set of automation statements that performs a particular predefined task in AUT.
It is similar to VBScript function and QTP action, but designed to use in BPT framework.
Application Area :
It is a repository, containing all the resources, required to develop the Business Components. Resources include shared object repository;
reusable functional libraries…etc. It is a logical entity, which you cannot see the physical existence in file system.
Business Process Test :
A scenario comprising a serial flow of Business Components, designed to test a specific Business process of an application.
Flow :
At times, you need to use the similar Components in the same order in multiple BPTs. Instead of adding the same Components in each
and every BPT, you can create a Flow of Business Components. The Flow can be called directly instead of calling each Component separately.
* How is batch testing performed in QTP?
Answer : Batch testing is performed by running the entire test set. All automated test scripts are executed one at a time by
keeping the other scripts in waiting mode.
http://www.onestoptesting.com/testing-interview-questions/qtp/details/how-is-batch-testing-performed-in-qtp-584.asp
* How to load a object repository in QTP during runtime?
we can add object repository at runtime
Two ways are there u can add
1. when u write below syntax in Action1
Syntax: RepositoriesCollection.Add(Path)
Ex: RepositoriesCollection.Add(E:\OR\ObjRes.tsr)
if write in Action1 it will automatically add the Object
Respository to the Action1
(i.e Edit Menu-->Action-->Action Properties-->Associate
Repository tab) at runtime.
no need to add the object repository before running.
2. Add the object repository at runtime by using AOM
(Automated Object Model)
Ex:
Dim qtAppn
Dim qtObjRes
Set qtAppn = CreateObject("QuickTest.Application")
qtAppn.Launch
qtAppn.Visible = True
qtApp.Open "E:\Test\Test2", False, False
Set qtObjRes = qtApp.Test.Actions
("Login").ObjectRepositories
qtObjRes.Add "E:\OR\ObjRes.tsr", 1
The above example Add the Object Repository(ObjRes.tsr) to
the "Login" action in Test2.
Here also no need to add the object repository in Test2.
*
* You will use the recording mode for an object not recognized by QuickTest.
Low-Level Recording Mode
Normal recording Mode
Analog Mode
// Absolute Path starts from root path
WebElement link1 = driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body/li[@id='test']/a"));
// Relative Path starts from current path
WebElement link2 = driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='test']/a"));
* Release Testing
After build release some of th companies do engineering prequal before giving the build to qa
there are different terms like, BVT, BFT, smoke test, We call it as RFB.
* https://www.tutorialspoint.com/qtp/qtp_automation_object_model.htm
Automation Object Model:
QTP itself can be automated using the COM interface that is provided by Hp-QTP. Automation object model is a set of objects, methods, and properties
that helps testers to control the configuration settings and execute the scripts using the QTP interface. The Key Configurations/actions that can be
controlled are listed below but not limited to
Loads all the required add-ins for a test
Makes QTP visible while execution
Opens the Test using the specified location>
Associates Function Libraries
Specifies the Common Object Sync Time out
Start and End Iteration
Enable/Disable Smart Identification
On Error Settings
Data Table Path
Recovery Scenario Settings
Log Tracking Settings
4.
* Perfecto mobile FAQ
Other Mobile tools - Seetest, Perfecto Mobile, BlazeMeter, AppThwack, Manymo, DeviceAnywhere
* Faq: http://interviewquestionsanswerspdf.com/2014/04/mobile-testing-interview-questions-and-answers/
* Knowledge of iOS and Android operating systems ( App Store iOS / Android Google Pay)
Android application package (.APK) file to be downloaded and installed in Android
.IPA files are Executable Files for iphone to install
* Use of private app store or OTA distribution
Use of private app store or OTA distribution -- this is more with IOS, Over the air enterprice distribution of the app.
5. * QTP\ HP UFT FAQ
http://www.guru99.com/qtp-interview-questions.html#50
* What is parameterization
http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/qtp-tutorial-19-qtp-parameterization-part1/
Types of parameterization in QTP
The variable value can be or the parameter types can be:
1.Data Table parameters
2.Test/Action parameters
3.Environment variable parameters
4.Random number parameters
* To retrieve the current property value of the objects in your application during the run session.
GetVisibleText
GetROProperty
SetROProperty
GetTOProperty
* An action can be called by other tests or actions is
Call Action
Split Action
Reusable Action
* The command used to retrieve data from excel sheet is
Set ab = Connection(“srcfilepath “) , Set ws = ab.getdata(sheetid)
Set ab = CreateObject(“srcfilepath “) , Set ws = ab.getsheet(sheetid)
Set ab = GetObject(“srcfilepath”) , Set ws = ab.worksheets(sheetid)
* What is ordinal identifier? (3) Index, location, creation time
An Ordinal Identifier assigns a numerical value to the test objects which indicates its location or order relative to its group.
The Ordered value enables QTP to recognize it uniquely when the inbuilt properties are NOT sufficient to do so.
http://www.guru99.com/quick-test-professional-qtp-tutorial-6.html
* How the objects are identified in qtp ID, class name,
* What is assive property? and Mandatory property?
Mandatory properties will be stored by default for that object
Assistive propertiesIn case during record time of script QTP can NOT create a unique description of the object it will store the assistive properties
* How do you read objects (FSO) - File system objects.
* What is import \ export ( Excel sheet)
* What is global sheet and local sheet
* Identification of an Object in QTP/UFT :
1) Normal Identification
2) Smart Identification
3) Ordinal identification ( 3 Type Index based , Location based and Creation Time - value CreationTime=0 )
4) Visual Based Identification
5) Object identification based on CSS XPath
6) Image Based identification
7) VRI- Visual relation Identifier
* What is XPath?
XPath is a language used to get the information from an xml document.
XPath uses path expressions to navigate and identify the element in the xml document
The advantage of using XPath is to identify any object in the application easily without wasting much time looking for combination of properties to make it unique.
If you are working on a commercial application, you would see code like this.
<form>
<label for="male">Male</label>
<input type="radio" name="sex" id="male"/><br/>
<label for="female">Female</label>
5.<input type="radio" name="sex" id="female"/>
</form>
*i.To identify the first input box copy and paste the following syntax into the Value edit box:
/html/body/form/input[1]
*ii. To identify the second input box copy and paste the following syntax into the Value edit box:
/html/body/form/input[2]
* How to use Output values in QTP?
An output value step ,is a step in which a object property value is captured at a specific point in your test and stored at a desired location.
The stored values can be used as input at a different points in test script
Types of Output Values
Standard output value
Text /Text Area output value
Data base output value
Xml output value (from application/resources)
* Business Process Testing (BPT)
* http://www.guru99.com/business-process-testing-bpt-tutorial.html
Business Process Testing(BPT) in QTP Tutorial
BPT stands for Business Process Testing, a built in QTP automation framework used in conjunction with the Quality Center.
BPT helps indulge Business Analysts in the automation process. They can also design the automation scenarios and executed them as per
their requirements without automatation/coding knowledge
BPT is a scenario consisting of a series of Business Components, designed to verify a particular Business process in the application under test.
The following are the building blocks of the BPT Framework
Components
Application Area
Flows
Business Process Test
Component: (is also called Business Component) is a reusable set of automation statements that performs a particular predefined task in AUT. ...
Application Area: It is a repository, containing all the resources, required to develop the Business Components.
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvzLrencmAs
* Experience with Quality Tools (Quality Center, Perfecto Mobile, Jira, Rally… Etc. )
1. Experience with .NET, XML and JSON web services
Experience with .NET, XML and JSON web services - this is more of restful web services testing, did you test Soap UI
* 5. Knowledge of Test-Driven Development principles and tools for mobile
BDD - Behavioural driven development - here we use cucumber - when, then and what
TDD - here the business are hidden not exposed to BA & product owner; mostly Dev & QA works hand-on-hand
and do testing and developement.
* 7. Vulnerable testing? ( Security Testing - will be done on all layers. )
Fishing - Creating junks email and hacking the Credcredential; blocking; decoding; Injections
* 7a.Python Tutorial for Beginners 1 - Getting Started and Installing Python (For Absolute Beginners) (1- 15)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=41qgdwd3zAg&list=PLS1QulWo1RIaJECMeUT4LFwJ-ghgoSH6n
Python 3.4.1
* 9. Soup UI
* 10. Postmaster
* 11. Hive
* 12 Impala
* Test Complete
* Vb Scripting
http://www.globalguideline.com/interview_questions/Questions.php?sc=VBScript_Interview_Questions_And_Answers
* 7a. Spring Tool Suite (STS):
The Spring Tool Suite is an Eclipse-based development environment that is customized for developing Spring applications.
It provides a ready-to-use environment to implement, debug, run, and deploy your Spring applications, including integrations
for Pivotal tc Server, Pivotal Cloud Foundry, Git, Maven, AspectJ, and comes on top of the latest Eclipse releases.
*$$$$$$*
* 2. Differencee between c, c++ and C#.
•Hardware device drivers
•Applications where access to old, stable code is required.
C,C++
•Application or Server development where memory management needs to be fine tuned (and can't be left to generic garbage collection solutions).
•Development environments that require access to libraries that do not interface well with more modern managed languages.
•Although managed C++ can be used to access the .NET framework, it is not a seamless transition.
C# provides a managed memory model that adds a higher level of abstraction again. This level of abstraction adds convenience and improves
development times, but complicates access to lower level APIs and makes specialized performance requirements problematic.
It is certainly possible to implement extremely high performance software in a managed memory environment, but awareness of the implications
is essential.
The syntax of C# is certainly less demanding (and error prone) than C/C++ and has, for the initiated programmer, a shallower learning curve.
C#
•Rapid client application development.
•High performance Server development (StackOverflow for example) that benefits from the .NET framework.
•Applications that require the benefits of the .NET framework in the language it was designed for.
* 3. Where is the Delphi Technique Used?
The Delphi Method is useful in 2 scenarios.
1. When there are many experts involved, and consensus is not likely to happen quickly.
2. When the experts are geographically spread out, and it is difficult to get them into a room to discuss,
brainstorm and come up with the best strategy.
Where is the Delphi Technique used for the PMP exam preparation?
The Delphi technique is actually one of the Group Decision-Making Techniques. It is used in
Time Management > Estimate Activity Duration
Cost Management > Estimate Costs
Risk Management > Identify Risks
* Oracle/Mongo DB
http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/selenium-tutorial-1/
*$$$$$$*
* What is the Document Object Model?
The Document Object Model (DOM) is an application programming interface (API) for valid HTML and well-formed XML documents.
It defines the logical structure of documents and the way a document is accessed and manipulated. In the DOM specification, the term
"document" is used in the broad sense - increasingly, XML is being used as a way of representing many different kinds of information that
may be stored in diverse systems, and much of this would traditionally be seen as data rather than as documents. Nevertheless,
XML presents this data as documents, and the DOM may be used to manage this data.
With the Document Object Model, programmers can build documents, navigate their structure, and add, modify, or delete elements and content.
Anything found in an HTML or XML document can be accessed, changed, deleted, or added using the Document Object Model, with a few exceptions
- in particular, the DOM interfaces for the XML internal and external subsets have not yet been specified.
*$$$$$$*
* Process 1. Test-driven development (TDD) is a software development process that relies on the repetition of a very short development cycle:
requirements are turned into very specific test cases, then the software is improved to pass the new tests, only.
This is opposed to software development that allows software to be added that is not proven to meet requirements.
Test-driven development (TDD) (Beck 2003; Astels 2003), is an evolutionary approach to development which combines test-first development
where you write a test before you write just enough production code to fulfill that test and refactoring.
What is the primary goal of TDD? One view is the goal of TDD is specification and not validation (Martin, Newkirk, and Kess 2003).
In other words, it’s one way to think through your requirements or design before your write your functional code (implying that
TDD is both an importantagile requirements and agile design technique). Another view is that TDD is a programming technique.
As Ron Jeffries likes to say, the goal of TDD is to write clean code that works. I think that there is merit in both arguments,
although I lean towards the specification view, but I leave it for you to decide.
http://agiledata.org/essays/tdd.html
Nice articel about TDD
Acceptance test–driven development (ATDD) is a development methodology based on communication between the business customers, the developers,
and the testers.[1] ATDD encompasses many of the same practices as specification by example,[2][3] behavior-driven development (BDD),
[4] example-driven development (EDD),[5] and story test–driven development (SDD).[6]
All these processes aid developers and testers in understanding the customer's needs prior to implementation and allow customers
to be able to converse in their own domain language.
Acceptance critirial - as per the check list all test cases are passed.
Excel - keyword. ( Similar to Tracibility martics).
* Based on your experience how will you implement Acceptance test–driven development (ATDD) in AGILE?
*$$$$$$*
* What is QA & QC?
http://www.diffen.com/difference/Quality_Assurance_vs_Quality_Control
Answer:
Quality Assurance is <<<<process oriented and focuses on defect <<<<prevention, while
Quality control is <<<<product oriented and focuses on defect <<<<<identification.
Quality Assurance Vs Quality Control
Definition
QA is a set of activities for ensuring quality in the processes by which products are developed.
QC is a set of activities for ensuring quality in products. The activities focus on identifying defects in the actual products produced.
Focus on
QA aims to prevent defects with a focus on the process used to make the product. It is a proactive quality process.
QC aims to identify (and correct) defects in the finished product. Quality control, therefore, is a reactive process.
Goal
The goal of QA is to improve development and test processes so that defects do not arise when the product is being developed.
The goal of QC is to identify defects after a product is developed and before it's released.
How
QA Establish a good quality management system and the assessment of its adequacy. Periodic conformance audits of the operations of the system.
QC Finding & eliminating sources of quality problems through tools & equipment so that customer's requirements are continually met.
What
QA Prevention of quality problems through planned and systematic activities including documentation.
Qc The activities or techniques used to achieve and maintain the product quality, process and service.
Responsibility
Everyone on the team involved in developing the product is responsible for quality assurance.
Quality control is usually the responsibility of a specific team that tests the product for defects.
Example
Verification is an example of QA
Validation/Software Testing is an example of QC
Statistical Techniques
Statistical Tools & Techniques can be applied in both QA & QC. When they are applied to processes (process inputs & operational parameters),
they are called Statistical Process Control (SPC); & it becomes the part of QA.
QC When statistical tools & techniques are applied to finished products (process outputs), they are called as Statistical Quality Control (SQC)
& comes under QC.
As a tool
QA is a managerial tool
QC is a corrective tool
Orientation
QA is process oriented
QC is product oriented
* What is verification and validation?
--------------------------------------
ANSWER:
http://softwaretestingfundamentals.com/verification-vs-validation/
VERIFICATION vs VALIDATION
Criteria Verification Validation
Definition :
Ver : The process of evaluating work-products (not the actual final product) of a development phase to determine whether they
meet the specified requirements for that phase.
Val : The process of evaluating software during or at the end of the development
process to determine whether it satisfies specified business requirements.
Objective :
Ver : To ensure that the product is being built according to the requirements and design specifications.
In other words, to ensure that work products meet their specified requirements.
Val : To ensure that the product actually meets the user’s needs, and that the specifications were correct in the first place.
In other words, to demonstrate that the product fulfills its intended use when placed in its intended environment.
Question :
Ver : Are we building the product right?
Val : Are we building the right product?
Evaluation Items :
Ver : Plans, Requirement Specs, Design Specs, Code, Test Cases
Val : The actual product/software.
Activities:
Ver : • Reviews
• Walkthroughs
• Inspections
Val :
• Testing
* What is SDLC ?
----------------
ANSWER:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sdlc/sdlc_overview.htm
SDLC, Software Development Life Cycle is a process used by software industry to design, develop and test high quality softwares.
The SDLC aims to produce a high quality software that meets or exceeds customer expectations, reaches completion within times
and cost estimates.
SDLC is a process followed for a software project, within a software organization. It consists of a detailed plan describing how to develop,
maintain, replace and alter or enhance specific software. The life cycle defines a methodology for improving the quality of software
and the overall development process.
The following figure is a graphical representation of the various stages of a typical SDLC.
Stage 1: Planning & Requirement Analysis
Stage 2: Defining Requirement
Stage 3: Designing the product architecture
Stage 4: Building or Developing the Product
Stage 5: Testing the Product
Stage 6: Deployment in the Market and Maintenance
Plannning, Analysis, Designing, Developing, Testing, Deployment
SDLC models followed in the industry:
------------------------------------
Waterfall Model
Iterative Model
Spiral Model
V-Model
Big Bang Model
The other related methodologies are Agile Model, RAD Model, Rapid Application Development and Prototyping Models.
* What is TDLC ?
----------------
ANSWER:
Requirement Analysis
Test Planning
Test case development
Enviornment Stttings
Test Execution
Test Cycle Closed
* What is defect life cycle?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
Defect Life Cycle or Bug Life Cycle is the specific set of states that a Bug goes through from discovery to defect fixation.
The number of states that a defect goes through varies from project to project. Below lifecycle diagram, covers all possible states
New: When a new defect is logged and posted for the first time. It is assigned a status NEW.
Assigned: Once the bug is posted by the tester, the lead of the tester approves the bug and assigns the bug to developer team
Open: The developer starts analyzing and works on the defect fix
Fixed: When developer makes necessary code change and verifies the change, he or she can make bug status as "Fixed."
Pending retest: Once the defect is fixed the developer gives particular code for retesting the code to the tester. Since the testing remains pending from the testers end, the status assigned is "pending request."
Retest: Tester does the retesting of the code at this stage to check whether the defect is fixed by the developer or not and change the status to "Re-test."
What is the compentency (Efficiency)of the tester?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
Find the defect at the earliy stage of developement.
ER==AR to stop testing.
Where do the tester play the role in developement stage and Testing stage?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
What is test strategy?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
What is test Plan?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
What is Estimation?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
When to start testing?
----------------------------
ANSWER:
CUSTOMER SERVICE Service Requests Generate Debit Card PIN
* How to selecet the application for testing?
----------------------------------------------
ANSWER:
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/qtp/qtp_test_automation_process.htm
Answer:
Automated Testing Process:
For any automated tool implementation, the following are the phases/stages of it. Each one of the stages corresponds to a particular activity
and each phase has a definite outcome.
1. Test Automation Feasibility Analysis - First step is to check if the application can be automated or not. Not all applications can be
automated due to its limitations.
2. Appropriate Tool Selection - The Next most important step is the selection of tools. It depends on the technology in which the application
is built, its features and usage.
3. Evaluate the suitable framework - Upon selecting the tool the next activity is to select a suitable framework. There are various kinds
of frameworks and each framework has its own significance. We will deal with frameworks in detail later this chapter.
4. Build the Proof of Concept - Proof of Concept(POC) is developed with an end to end scenario to evaluate if the tool can support the automation
of the application. As it is performed with an end to end scenario which will ensure that the major functionalities can be automated.
5. Develop Automation Framework - After building the POC, framework development is carried out, which is a crucial step for the success of any
test automation project. Framework should be build after diligent analysis of the technology used by the application and also its key features.
6. Develop Test Script, Execute and Analyze - Once Script development is completed, the scripts are executed, results are analyzed and defects are logged, if any. The Test Scripts are usually version controlled.
* Xpath: XPATH IN QTP/UFT
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyLtDjHGUbg
XPATH EXAMPLES FOR QTP WEB OBJECTS
QTP XPath examples to identify web objects. XPath is a language for addressing parts of an XML document. Xpath expressions to select nodes or node-sets in an XML document.
IDENTIFYING USING ID ATTRIBUTE
obj.WebEdit("xpath:=//input[@id='htmlID']").Set "QTP"
1
obj.WebEdit("xpath:=//input[@id='htmlID']").Set "QTP"
IDENTIFYING USING TYPE ATTRIBUTE
'Setting value in first textBox
obj.WebEdit("xpath:=//input[@type='text'][1]").Set "QTP"
1
2
'Setting value in first textBox
obj.WebEdit("xpath:=//input[@type='text'][1]").Set "QTP"
IDENTIFYING USING TAGNAME
'Highlighting first listBox
obj.WebList("xpath:=//select[1]").Select "London"
1
2
'Highlighting first listBox
obj.WebList("xpath:=//select[1]").Select "London"
IDENTIFYING USING INNERTEXT
'Clicking Google link
obj.Link("xpath:=//a[.='Google']").Click
1
2
'Clicking Google link
obj.Link("xpath:=//a[.='Google']").Click
IDENTIFYING WEBTABLE BASED ON ROWCOUNT
'Highlighting the table which has only two rows
obj.WebTable("xpath:=//table[count(.//tr)=2]").Highlight
1
2
'Highlighting the table which has only two rows
obj.WebTable("xpath:=//table[count(.//tr)=2]").Highlight
* Radio button \ Frames
Tha code I used is-
Set WebEditObj=Browser("brName").Page("pageName").WebTable("tbl").ChildItem (intRow,intColumn, "WebRadioGroup", 0)
WebEditObj.Click
I am having two radiobuttons 1. yes 2. No
Code:
Browser().page().webradiogroup("something").select "#0"
to select the first radio button and
Code:
Browser().page().webradiogroup("something").select "#1"
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/qtp/qtp_gui_objects.htm (QTP - Working with GUI Objects)
* How to create description object model at runtime in uft/qtp? ( Object Repository )
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/38013223/how-to-create-description-object-model-at-runtime-in-uft-qtp
FunctionCreateDescObjAt_RunTime(StrBrowserNme,StrBrwsrTitle,StrObject,StrPgeNme,StrPgtitle,StrObjectName,index)`
'create a description object for Browser & Page`
Set WebBrwsrDesc= Description.Create
WebBrwsrDesc("application version").value= "Internet Explorer.*"
If StrBrowser<>"" Then
WebBrwsrDesc("name").value=StrBrowserNme
WebBrwsrDesc("title").value=StrBrwsrTitle
End If
Set WebPageDesc= Description.Create
WebPageDesc("name").value=StrPgeNme
WebPageDesc("title").value=StrPgtitle
' 'Based on the type of object, execute the condition`
Select Case StrObject`
Case "WebButton"
Set WebBtnDes= Description.Create
WebBtnDes("html tag").value="INPUT"
WebBtnDes("name").value=StrObjectName
WebBtnDes("micclass").value="button"
WebBtnDes("index").value=index
'Browser("title:=.*","name:=.*").page("title:=.*","name:=.*").WebButton(WebBtnDes).fnWebButtonClick
Browser(WebBrwsrDesc).page(WebPageDesc).WebButton(WebBtnDes).click
end select
End Function
* API Testing with QTP
http://www.guru99.com/api-testing-with-qtp-hp-uft.html
* Business Process Testing (BPT) – How to Simplify and Speed Up the Testing Process Using BPT
http://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/what-is-business-process-testing-bpt/
* Law on Qtp :-
---------------
Component :
(Is also called Business Component) is a reusable set of automation statements that performs a particular predefined task in AUT.
It is similar to VBScript function and QTP action, but designed to use in BPT framework.
Application Area :
It is a repository, containing all the resources, required to develop the Business Components. Resources include shared object repository;
reusable functional libraries…etc. It is a logical entity, which you cannot see the physical existence in file system.
Business Process Test :
A scenario comprising a serial flow of Business Components, designed to test a specific Business process of an application.
Flow :
At times, you need to use the similar Components in the same order in multiple BPTs. Instead of adding the same Components in each
and every BPT, you can create a Flow of Business Components. The Flow can be called directly instead of calling each Component separately.
* How is batch testing performed in QTP?
Answer : Batch testing is performed by running the entire test set. All automated test scripts are executed one at a time by
keeping the other scripts in waiting mode.
http://www.onestoptesting.com/testing-interview-questions/qtp/details/how-is-batch-testing-performed-in-qtp-584.asp
* How to load a object repository in QTP during runtime?
we can add object repository at runtime
Two ways are there u can add
1. when u write below syntax in Action1
Syntax: RepositoriesCollection.Add(Path)
Ex: RepositoriesCollection.Add(E:\OR\ObjRes.tsr)
if write in Action1 it will automatically add the Object
Respository to the Action1
(i.e Edit Menu-->Action-->Action Properties-->Associate
Repository tab) at runtime.
no need to add the object repository before running.
2. Add the object repository at runtime by using AOM
(Automated Object Model)
Ex:
Dim qtAppn
Dim qtObjRes
Set qtAppn = CreateObject("QuickTest.Application")
qtAppn.Launch
qtAppn.Visible = True
qtApp.Open "E:\Test\Test2", False, False
Set qtObjRes = qtApp.Test.Actions
("Login").ObjectRepositories
qtObjRes.Add "E:\OR\ObjRes.tsr", 1
The above example Add the Object Repository(ObjRes.tsr) to
the "Login" action in Test2.
Here also no need to add the object repository in Test2.
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